Hello and Welcome!
With Python reaching new heights of popularity in the modern era, it is vital for developers to understand its framework and which one is best for their project. Python is a very powerful language that is simple to learn and provides a quick development environment. It is a sophisticated, interpreted programming language with simple syntax. It has a plethora of libraries for web-related tasks and is ideal for large-scale web applications.
There are numerous Python web frameworks; some offer more features than others. facilities than others, and some provide a higher level of flexibility or greater adaptability Some attempt to provide everything required for a web application and require the use of very specific components, whereas others focus on providing you with the bare necessities in order for you to can select only the components required by your application Either way, developers need frameworks to make things easier as it saves developers from spending time on redundant tasks.
What we'd discuss
- Python frameworks
- Types of frameworks
- Why using a framework is important
- What every developer should know before choosing a Python Framework for their project.
- Best Framework options to choose from
I'm confident that by the end of this article, you'll have no trouble choosing the best framework for your next project. Now, Let's get started!
Web frameworks? What are they?
A web framework is a collection of packages or modules that allow developers to write Web applications or services. With it, developers don’t need to handle low-level details like protocols, sockets, or process/thread management. Web frameworks help deploy, and scale web apps. Most Python web frameworks are made to run on HTTP servers such as Apache or Nginx. Frameworks can be used to reduce the amount of code a developer needs to write when creating a web application.
Types of python web frameworks
I'd be sharing with you 3 types of python frameworks...
Full-Stack Framework
Full-stack frameworks are suitable for both back-end and front-end development. Web development consists of front-end tools for graphic user interface (UI) design and back-end services like databases, security protocols, and business logic. Such frameworks are a one-stop solution for all developer requirements. Form generators, form validation, and template layouts are usually available with a typical full-stack framework. A full-stack framework will facilitate all a developer needs to carry out a full-stack development.
Microframework
These are lightweight frameworks that don’t offer additional functionalities and features, such as database abstraction layer, form validation, and specific tools and libraries. Developers using a microframework need to add a lot of code and additional requirements manually. While this might seem like a bad thing, it actually encourages flexibility for developers who want to leverage control over their software, only adding in the relevant third-party libraries when they’re completely necessary.
Asynchronous Framework
Gaining popularity recently, any asynchronous framework is a microframework that allows for handling a large set of concurrent connections. Asynchronous programs are event-driven. Rather than line-by-line operational handling where one function runs after the other, asynchronous code doesn't wait for one event to execute before starting another. Typically, an asynchronous framework built for Python uses the programming language’s asyncio library.
Why it's important
There are several redundant operations in web development. Python frameworks allow developers to reuse code for common HTTP operations. The projects are structured in such a way that other developers with knowledge of that particular framework can easily use it to build and maintain web applications.
Python Framework will help you with;
- Interpreting requests (getting form parameters, handling cookies and sessions, etc)
- Producing responses ( presenting data as HTML or in other forms)
- Persistently storing data
- Secure framework
- Open-source
- Code reusability
- Easy integration
What you should know before selecting a web framework
Every developer should consider the following while deciding on a Python framework:
First, evaluate the size and complexity of your project. If you have to develop a large system packed with features and requirements, a full-stack framework will be the right choice. On the contrary, if the project at hand is small and straightforward, you can work with microframeworks.
The second aspect to consider is whether or not the framework allows the scope for scaling both vertically and horizontally. This is particularly necessary when building a project that will run on multiple servers, handle a huge traffic load, and support adding new features for functionality optimization.
Developers should focus on finding the right framework for them, let your desired framework be well suited to handling the kind of project you are working on. There is indeed a need to use a framework with good documentation. Good documentation allows a developer to start working rather than trying to find how to use the framework's features.
Developers as well should choose reliable frameworks. A reliable framework is one that tries to stay current with the new ways of working as the python language evolves. Also, developers must ensure to choose extensible frameworks. If a framework offers well-designed and documented extension points, it will be easier to adapt to your special requirements in a way that doesn’t break with version updates. Also, it will be easier to take advantage of general extensions or plugins that other framework users have created.
BEST FRAMEWORK OPTIONS TO CHOOSE FROM.
Below are recommended frameworks to choose from, however, you are not limited to using these frameworks. Remember to search and understand other frameworks, as they may end up becoming the right framework that best suits your project.
Django
Type: Full-stack web framework
Django is a free-to-use Python web framework that allows python developers to quickly create complex code and apps. Developers can quickly create high-quality web applications and APIs using the Django framework. It’s because this top-of-the-line Python web development framework comes with a robust set of features and libraries. This eliminates the need for a lot of coding and allows for code reuse. As a result, the web application development project streamlines and shortens the time it takes for an app to reach the market.
KEY FEATURES
- Assists Developers in defining patterns for app URLs.
- Built-in authentication system.
- A simple but effective URL system.
- Object-oriented programming language database that offers the best data storage and recovery.
- The automatic admin interface feature allows you to customize the editing, adding, and deleting of items.
- Multiple cache mechanisms are supported by a cache framework
Pyramid
Type: Full-stack web framework
Pyramid is one of the Python web frameworks with lots of features. It also has a wide range of applications, including websites, web APIs, and anywhere you may want to use a popular programming language like Python is needed. Pyramid is also known for its expandability, testability, and flexible, modular architecture.
One of Python’s most valuable assets as a developer language is its community support, which is evident here in the form of user involvement on mailing lists, IRC channels, Stack Overflow, and other sites.
KEY FEATURES
- It allows you to run both small and large apps efficiently.
- HTML structure validation and generation
- All-embracing templating and asset details
- Testing, support, and extensive data documentation
- Customizable Authentication and Permission helpers
FastAPI
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Type: Micro web framework
FastAPI is a modern, fast, high-performing web framework for building APIs with Python 3.6+. The reason it works with Python 3.6 or later is that it gets the Async feature.
It was created by Sebastián Ramírez after he was not impressed with existing frameworks such as Flask. One of the aspects of FastAPI is that its performance is on par with NodeJs & Go. FastAPI supports both synchronous and asynchronous requests and also has built-in support for data validation, serialization, authentication, and authorization.
It is built on top of starlette, thereby allowing the creation of asynchronous APIs that allow for performance comparisons with NodeJs & Go.
KEY FEATURES
- Speed: FastAPI is indeed fast when it is compared to frameworks such as Django and Flask.
- Async code: One of the promising features of FastAPI is that it supports asynchronous code using async/await keywords.
- Fast to Code: The amount of code that needs to be written with FastAPI is lesser when compared to Django and Flask.
Bottle
Type: Micro web framework
Bottle is also one of the most prevalent Python micro-framework, and it’s ideal for rapid development and small web apps. It’s a WSGI-compliant framework that’s quick, simple, and lightweight, and it’s distributed as a single file module.
Bottle, which was originally designed for building APIs, implements everything in a single source file and includes only the most basic tools, such as routing and templating.
For those with a basic understanding of Python and web development, the learning curve is extremely simple.
Bottle is the most useful python framework for creating mobile applications.
KEY FEATURES
- Using simplified syntax, create spotless and dynamic URL routes for mapping.
- Built-in template engine and backing that is quick and pythonic.
- WSGI framework is compatible with CGI, and understanding WSGI internals is simple.
- Allows data, cookies, file uploads, and other HTTP-related metadata to be accessed quickly.
- Worked as an multi-threaded web server and backend for glue, fapws3, flup, and other WSGI-capable HTTP servers.
- Speed optimizations for testing and high performance
Cherrypy
Type: Full-stack framework
Cherry Py is a fantastic popular python web framework that can be used to build a wide range of web applications. It’s intended to be simple to understand and use. It is one of the most approachable frameworks on our python frameworks list because of its focus on simplicity and usability.
Cherry Py might be perfect if you’re an intermediate developer looking to attempt something new. While advanced developers may find its features lacking, it provides an opportunity for beginners to gain experience with Python before moving on to more complex frameworks.
Cherry Py’s main selling point is that it enables users to operate their code without having to rely on other people or services. You can create an application entirely from CherryPy components.
KEY FEATURES
- A WSGI thread-pooled webserver that is consistent and HTTP/1.1 compliant.
- It’s simple to run multiple HTTP servers (for example, on multiple ports) at once.
- Python 2.7, 3.5, PyPy, Jython, and Android are all supported.
- Cross-site scripting, sessions, caching, authentication, static content, and many other features are all built-in.
- A powerful configuration system for developers and deployers alike
- Built-in profiling, coverage, and testing support
BlueBream
Type: Full-stack framework
BlueBream is also a web application framework, server, and library for python developers that is open-source.
This framework works best for medium and large activities that are divided into reusable and well-suited segments.
BlueBream (ZTK) uses the Zoop Toolkit. It has extensive experience ensuring that it meets the primary requirements for long-lasting, consistent, and adaptable programming.
KEY FEATURES
- It emphasizes Python Web Server Gateway Interface (WSGI) compatibility.
- Frameworks for unit and functional testing.
- The fundamental approach to plugged security.
- An XHTML-compliant language for developing templates.
- A tool for automatically generating forms.
Separation of concerns is used in the Zope Component Architecture (ZCA) to create reusable components.
Flask
Type: Micro web framework
Flask is one of Python’s most popular web frameworks, and it continues to grow in popularity.
Flask basically provides routing and templating, wrapped around a few configuration conventions. Its objective is to be flexible and allow the user to pick the tools that are best for their project. It provides many hooks for customization and extensions.
Flask is simple to learn, exquisite to use, has a large add-on library, and is simple to deploy. Its popularity stems from its ease of use allows you to get up and run with minimal effort.
Flask provides for an accelerated way to build websites with Python. It doesn’t have the same level of structure as Django or Pyramid, but it’s still a great place to start building useful apps.
KEY FEATURES
Integrated debugger and development server.
Request dispatching via RESTful API.
Support for integrated unit testing (code with quality).
Jinja2 templating is used (tags, filters, macros, and more).
100% WSGI 1.0 compliant.
Multiple extensions provided by the community ease the integration of new functionalities.
Tornado
Type: Asynchronous web Framework
Tornado is a combination of an asynchronous networking library and a web framework. It is intended for use in applications that require long-lived connections to their users.
It is well-known for its high task performance, as the framework is capable of threading more than 10,000 connections simultaneously. Tornado is an open-source asynchronous framework for performing I/O operations.
Tornado has its own HTTP server based on its asynchronous library. While it’s possible to use the web framework part of Tornado with WSGI, to take advantage of its asynchronous nature it’s necessary to use it together with the web server.
KEY FEATURES
Allows third-party authentication and authorization schemes.
Superior quality, real-time services, and non-blocking HTTP customers
It produces high-quality results.
Assistance with interpretation and localization.
Web templates and user authentication are both supported
Yay! And this comes the end of this article. I believe you have learnt a lot. Hurry now and put into action what you have learnt
Thank you for reading my article!